WebLecture-Pelvis-Lec33

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I. Orientation of Pelvis

II. Osteology

III. Joints

IV. Ligaments

V. Pelvic Musculature

VI. Perineum

WebLecture Slide 33

Several structures pass through the pelvic diaphragm including the rectum, the urethra, and in the female, the vagina. Fascial layers of the pelvic diaphragm interlace with those of the pelvic effluents (rectum, urethra, vagina), as do the muscle fibers, and in this way keep the pelvis and perineum totally separate from one another.

As noted previously, the pudendal nerve takes an alternate route to get past the pelvic diaphragm. It does not penetrate the pelvic diaphragm but instead leaves the pelvis with the piriformis muscle using the greater sciatic foramen, the muscle heading laterally for the greater trochanter of the femur. The nerve continues inferoanteriorly and enters the perineum via the lesser sciatic foramen. The nerve continues this trajectory passing through the ischiorectal fossa within a fascial sheath, the pudendal canal, that contains the nerve and the internal pudendal vessels. The canal runs along the ischiopubic ramus and is not shown here.

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