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I. Orientation of Pelvis |
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WebLecture Slide 19 |
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The greater and lesser sciatic foramen have been shown to be passage ways for particular muscles. They are also used by nerves and vessels. Nervous supply to the perineum is via the pudendal nerve which reaches the perineum using both the lesser and greater sciatic foramen. The pudendal nerve is formed in the pelvis but
must reach the perineum in order to innervate its target tissues (anal
and perineal structures). The pudendal nerve is formed by sacral spinal
segments 2, 3 and 4 as they exit the pelvic sacral foramina. In order to
reach the the perineum without penetrating the pelvic diaphragm at the
floor of the pelvic cavity, the pudendal nerve exits the pelvis by passing
through the greater sciatic foramen and enters the perineum by entering
through the lesser sciatic foramina. From a posterior view, a small portion
of the pudendal nerve is located neither in the pelvis, nor in the perineum,
but can be viewed after removal of the gluteal muscles sitting just lateral
to the sacrum riding over the posterior aspect of the sacrospinous ligament.
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